The concept, important for determining the legality of an act of war, is about weighing civilian harm against military objectives, not about achieving a balanced number of casualties. By Steven ...

Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Jill Goldenziel writes & consults on security, law, & business risk. Proportionality in war does not mean balancing number of ...

Figure 1: Schematic representation of the progression from CO 2 emissions to climate change.

The hoary doctrine of “proportionality” from the “just war” theory is being sorely tested by the wars in the Middle East and Ukraine. The premise of this theory, as first expounded in the West by ...

Smoke rising from buildings in Gaza after retaliatory Israeli air strikes on October 15, 2023. Photo by MOHAMMED SABER/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock In recent days, my ...

Over the past decade, proportionality has become a defining feature of federal discovery practice, particularly in the context of electronically stored information (ESI).

A number of obstacles arise when attempting to assess if costs in civil litigation are proportionate, says Paul Taylor. The Jackson civil litigation reforms introduced in April 2013 have the concept ...

More decorators working on a job would reduce the time to complete the task. They are inversely proportional. If two quantities are inversely proportional, one increases as the other decreases at the ...