Volumetric integrated optical micro- and nanosystems are becoming the new frontier in photonics. Fine control over the material structure within a volume enables novel physical phenomena and ...

In 1967 the Russian physicist Victor Veselago predicted the existence of a material with a negative index of refraction, which he termed “left-handed.” He concluded that in the presence of such a ...

In addition to our other problems, we must also contend with transmission (with attenuation), reflection, refraction, diffraction, absorption, and scattering. In addition to our other problems, we ...

In the semiconductor industry, more sophisticated control of the planarization steps is a key process requirement for higher density chip technology. The use of colloidal dispersion of metal oxide ...

Most people know that light travels in a straight line unless something acts upon it to change its direction. The three most common methods of changing the direction of light are refraction, ...