As the electric distribution system transforms into a smarter network, Commonwealth Edison Co.’s distribution automation team has embarked on a step-change journey that will transform distribution ...

The objective of protective relays and protective schemes is to protect electrical equipment such as transformers, lines, cables, bus bars, etc. during abnormal system conditions. Hence, protective ...

Testing verifies that protection schemes meet their intended purpose, ensuring safety and system integrity. Function testing involves manual or electrical manipulation of components to confirm signal ...