Forbes contributors publish independent expert analyses and insights. Jill Goldenziel writes & consults on security, law, & business risk. Proportionality in war does not mean balancing number of ...

We propose that a principle of proportionality be applied to genomic data that weighs the depth of data (what is shared) against the breadth of sharing (with whom). Broad sharing of research data is ...

The hoary doctrine of “proportionality” from the “just war” theory is being sorely tested by the wars in the Middle East and Ukraine. The premise of this theory, as first expounded in the West by ...

The concept, important for determining the legality of an act of war, is about weighing civilian harm against military objectives, not about achieving a balanced number of casualties. By Steven ...

Distinguished chair, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is grateful for the opportunity to address the Open-Ended Working Group a second time ...

The 2006 Israel-Lebanon war generated the first large-scale and systemA,A!ic references to a heretofore mostly ignored law of war concept, the doctrine of proportionality. Occasional references to ...

That ratio is tremendously positive,' said IDF Spokesman Jonathan Conricus when asked in December 2023 about Israel's assessment that it had killed two Palestinian civilians for every one Hamas ...

Over the past decade, proportionality has become a defining feature of federal discovery practice, particularly in the context of electronically stored information (ESI).

This essay explores the adequacy of one of the safeguards adopted by many states to ensure that the death penalty is applied fairly following the de facto moratorium imposed by the U.S. Supreme Court ...

Recently, the Constitution Reform Commission (CRC) has made certain reform proposals to be brought to the Constitution. Two main reforms are central to the CRC's proposal relating to fundamental ...

To determine whether something can be said to pass the test of proportionality, courts in India typically take a four-pronged approach wherein the legitimacy, suitability, and necessity of a decision ...